Barmen Declaration(1934) "The Barmen Declaration, 1934, was a call to resistance against
the theological claims of the Nazi state. Almost immediately after Hitler's seizure of
power in 1933, Protestant Christians faced pressure to "aryanize" the Church,
expel Jewish Christians from the ordained ministry and adopt the Nazi "Führer
Principle" as the organizing principle of church government. In general, the churches
succumbed to these pressures, and some Christians embraced them willingly. The pro-Nazi
"German Christian" movement became a force in the church. They glorified Adolf
Hitler as a "German prophet" and preached that racial consciousness was a source
of revelation alongside the Bible. But many Christians in Germanyincluding Lutheran
and Reformed, liberal and neo-orthodoxopposed the encroachment of Nazi ideology on
the Church's proclamation. At Barmen, this emerging "Confessing Church" adopted
a declaration drafted by Reformed theologian Karl Barth and Lutheran theologian Hans
Asmussen, which expressly repudiated the claim that other powers apart from Christ could
be sources of God's revelation. Not all Christians courageously resisted the regime, but
many who didlike the Protestant pastor Dietrich Bonhoeffer and the Roman Catholic
priest Bernhard Lichtenbergwere arrested and executed in concentration camps."
[from the website of the United Church of
Christ]